Table of Contents

FOREWORD
PREFACE
MODULE 1：IDENTIFY HONEYBEE SPECIES，RACES AND THEIR BEHAVIOR
INTRODUCTION
1 HONEY BEE SPECIES AND THEIR BEHAVIOR
1．1 Common Species of Honeybees
1．1．1 Apis mellifera
1．1．2 Apis cerana （Oriental Honeybee）
1．1．3 Apis florea （Dwarf Honeybee）
1．1．4 Apis dorsata （Giant Honeybee）
1．2 Other New Honeybees
1．2．1 Apis andreniformis （Black Dwarf Honeybee）
1．2．2 A pis koschevmikovi
1．2．3 Apis laboriosa
1．2．4 Apis nigrocincta
1．2．5 Apis nuluensis
1．3 Stingless Bees
2 RACES OF HONEYBEES AND THEIR BEHAVIOR
2．1 Distinctive Characteristics of Races of Bees
2．2 European Honeybee Races
2．2．1 Apis melli f era ligustica （halian Bees）
2．2．2 Apis mellifera mellifera （Dark Bees）
2．2．3 Apis mellifera carnica （Carniolan Bees）
2．2．4 Apis melli f era caucasica （Russian Bees）
2．3 African Honeybee Races
2．3．1 Apis mellifera intermissa
2．3．2 Apis mellifera saharansis （Saharan Bees）
2．3．3 Apis melli f era lamarckii （Egyptian Bees）
2．3．4 Apis melli f era jemenitica
2．3．5 Apis melli f era scutellata
2．3．6 Apis mellifera litorea
2．3．7 Apis melli f era monitcola
2．3．8 Apis rnellifera adansonii
2．3．9 Apis rnelli f era unicola
2．3．10 Apis mellifera capensis （Cape Town Bees）
2．4 Differences between African and European Honey Bees
2．5 Ethiopian Honeybee Races
2．5．1 Apis melli f era monticola
2．5．2 Apis mellifera bandansii
2．5．3 Apis melli fera scutelltata
2．5．4 Apis mellifera jemenitica
2．5．5 Apis mellifera woyi-gambella
SELF-CHECK QUESTIONS
REFERENCES

MODULE 2：RECOGNIZE HONEY BEE COLONY AND ITS ORGANIZATION
INTRODUCTION
1 HONEY BEE CASTES AND THEIR DUTIES IN THE COLONY
1．1 Queen Bee
1．2 Worker Bees
1．3 Drone Bees
2 DEVELOPMENT STAGES OF BEES
2．1 Egg
2．2 Larva
2．3 Pupa
3 COMMUNICATION SYSTEM OF HONEY BEES
3．1 Pheromones
3．2 Dances
SELF-CHECK QUESTIONS
REFERENCES

MODULE 3：IDENTIFY THE STRUCTURE， LOCATION AND FUNCTION OF HONEYBEE'S BODY PARTS
INTRODUCTION
1 COMPONENTS AND FUNCTIONS OF EXTERNAL BODY PARTS
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MODULE 4： IDENTIFY AND PREPARE BEEKEEPING EQUIPMENTS AND TOOLS
MODULE 5： ESTABLISH APIARY
MODULE 6： CARRY OUT ROUTINE BEE KEEPING ACTIVITY
MODULE 7： MANAGING BEE COLONY
MODULE 8： HARVEST， PROCESS AND STORE BEE PRODUCTS
MODULE 9： REARING QUEEN BEES
MODULE 10： CARE FOR THE HEALTH OF HONEYBEE COLONY
MODULE 11： RECORD KEEPING