4.4.3 Methods of functional exercise
4.4.3.1 Functional exercise of neck
Either sitting or standing positions may be taken.In standing position, stand with feet shoulder-width apart and arms akimbo while doing deep respiration, as well as do the following movements.
4.4.3.1.1 Anteflexion and retroextension Anteflex the neck as much as possible to let the chin near the upper border of presternum while inhaling, retroex—tend the neck maximally while exhaling.Repeat the movements 7 to 8 times.
4.4.3.1.2 Left and right flexion Flex the head leftward while inhaling, then return to neutral position while exhaling; flex the head rightward while inhaling, then return the neutral position while exhaling.Repeat it 7 to 8 times with alternation of left and right.
4.4.3.1.3 Left and right turn Turn the head to the left while inhaling, and turn the head from the left to the right while exhaling.Repeat it 7 to 8 times with alter—nation of left and right.
4.4.3.1.4 Left and right circle rotation Make the head do circle movement for 3 to 4 small circles, and finally a large cycle, alternately clockwise and counter—clockwise.
4.4.3.2 Functional exercise of waist and back
4.4.3.2.1 Anteflexion and retroextension Stand with feet shoulder-width apart, keep two legs straightened, with arms akimbo.Anteflex and retroex—tend the waist for 4 to 5 times, relax the lumbar muscles as much as possible when doing exercises.
三、功能锻炼的方法
（一）颈项部功能锻炼
患者可取坐位或站位，站时双足分开与肩同宽，双手叉腰进行深呼吸并做以下动作。
1.前屈后伸 吸气时颈部尽量前屈，使下颌接近胸骨柄上缘，呼气时颈部后伸至最大限度，反复7～8次。
2.左右侧屈 吸气时头向左屈，呼气时头部还原至中立位，吸气时头向右屈，呼气时头还原，左右交替，反复7～8次。
3.左右旋转 吸气时头向左转，呼气时由左向右转，左右交替，反复7～8次。
4.左右回旋 头部作顺时针方向或逆时针方向回环活动，顺逆交替，小回环3～4次，最后作大回环顺逆方向各1次。
（二）腰背部功能锻炼
1.前屈后伸 双足分开与肩同宽站立，双下肢保持伸直，双手叉腰。腰部作前屈、后伸动作，反复4～5次，活动时尽量放松腰肌。
