| 1 | Understand that addition and subtraction are inverse. | |
| 2 | Understand multiplication and division are inverse. | |
| 3 | Collins formula, which describes the diffraction of light wave passed through a near-axis optical system, and its inverse calculation expression are presented in this paper. | |
| 4 | Modular inversion is a part of the kernel for computations in the Galois field GF(p) used by many public key cryptosystems. | |
| 5 | The calculating formula of determining compressor structure parameter is derived by thermodynamic counter calculation based on motor power. |
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