| 1 | 商鞅 | 商鞅 | shāng yāng | Shang1 Yang1 | Shang Yang (c. 390-338 BC), legalist philosopher and statesman of the state of Qin 秦国 , whose reforms paved the way for the eventual unification of the Chinese empire by the Qin dynasty 秦朝 | | |
| 2 | 商鞅变法 | 商鞅變法 | shāng yāng biàn fǎ | Shang1 Yang1 bian4 fa3 | Shang Yang's political reform of Qin state 秦国 of 356 BC and 350 BC, that put it on the road to world domination | | |
| 3 | 鞅 | 鞅 | yāng | yang1 | martingale (leather strap in horse harness); discontented | | |
| 4 | 鞅断车停 | 鞅斷車停 | yāng duàn chē tíng | yang1 duan4 che1 ting2 | The halter broke and the carriage stopped. (idiom) | | |
| 5 | 鞅掌 | 鞅掌 | yāng zhǎng | yang1 zhang3 | busy; bustling | | |
| 6 | 鞅掌无宁 | 鞅掌無寧 | yāng zhǎng wú níng | yang1 zhang3 wu2 ning2 | harassed without rest; so busy as to have no leisure to tidy oneself up (idiom) | | |
| 7 | 逸尘断鞅 | 逸塵斷鞅 | yì chén duàn yāng | yi4 chen2 duan4 yang1 | lit. kicking up the dust and breaking the harness; fig. to ride like the wind (idiom) | | |