| 1 | There are many differences between politics novels and the condemnation novels in the late Qing dynasty. | |
| 2 | In the narrative theme, the difference displays for different writing way between the political novels and the condemnation novels. | |
| 3 | But he saved the full force of his venom for his lengthy and accusatory "Aschroft-Lyon Manuscript" to which he devoted much of1909. | |
| 4 | As one of the four late Qing Dynasty's condemned novels, "Nie Hai Hua" is a masterpiece of satirical novels of the late Qing Dynasty. | |
| 5 | Different from the other condemnation novels of the Qing dynasty, Liu E didn t criticize those corrupt but so-called honest and upright officials. |
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