The laws specify, for example, that the police officer administering a photo or live lineup should not know who the suspect is, and the witness should be told that the officer does not know.

Prosecutors are increasingly using cell-phone records to show that a suspect was near the scene of a crime - or not where he claimed to be.

Under the agreement, military suspects do not have to be handed over to local authorities until charged by Japanese prosecutors.

Under the new law, suspects could be fined and or detained up to 15 days.

Under proper practices, no one should know who the suspect is, including the officer adminisering a lineup.