| 1 | Reductant from an extraneous source is introduced. | |
| 2 | Keep away from acids, reducing agents and polymerisation catalysts. | |
| 3 | Arsenical compounds are not compatible with reducing agents. | |
| 4 | Reductant in the reaction of elements in valence increased. | |
| 5 | The reducing agents, complexing agents and reducing conditions were studied in detail. |