| 1 | It can be used to improve the concrete cracking resistance and seepage resistance. | |
| 2 | The concrete durability under the compound action of freeze-thaw and abrasion is studied. | |
| 3 | The results show that the abrasion process is similar to its aging by heat and oxygen. | |
| 4 | The wear of center plates of locomotives and cars is a very common problem. | |
| 5 | Studies have shown that the abrasion of the rubber is resulted of a mechanic chemical reaction, which has the character of chain-reaction. |