| 1 | The AQY of pear grafted on P. betulaefolia declined less than that on P. calleryana. | |
| 2 | The volatile oil from the fruits of Pyrus betulaefolia Bunge was abstracted by steam-stilling and analyzed by GC-MS method. | |
| 3 | Microwave, water bath and ultrasonic extraction were employed to extract the polysaccharide from Pyrus Betulaefolia Bge. leaf and anthrone-sulphuric acid colorimetry was used to determine its content. |