This thesis study the services of Khalkha four leagues in this period, and try to show that the services of special times reflected the deep changes of society.

Ethnic Mongols account for about 85% of the population and consist of Khalkha and other groups, all distinguished primarily by dialects of the Mongol language.

Chapter four, "the reason of variation of services of Khalkha four leagues in the late Qing dynasty", inquires into the services and its variation and reveals the influence to the society of Khalkha.

The Qalq-a jirum is a collection of Qalq-a local regulations in Qing Dynasty.

In the late of the 19th century, both of the leagues and banners and the country internal and external complicated environment, the services of Khalkha four leagues were even harder.