| 1 | Think Tuscany, but with a Habsburg past. | |
| 2 | In Hungary, they demanded independence from Habsburg Austria. | |
| 3 | A later principality was independent until the 15th century, when it passed to Hungary and then to the Hapsburgs. Bohemia became the core of the new state of Czechoslovakia in 1918. | |
| 4 | Slovenia and Croatia, formerly of the Habsburg Empire, outperformed Albania and Serbia, which spent centuries under Turkish rule. | |
| 5 | Thanks to its location along the border of the Hapsburg Empire, Kosice has Slavic as well as Magyar roots. |