| 1 | Distribution in North America, Palaearctic, India and the north-west Himalayas mountain. | |
| 2 | Palearctic and Oriental Regions should be based on Huaihe River as dividing line. | |
| 3 | From the regional faunistic analysis, among the 24 species, 5 species belong to Palearctic realm, 14 to Oriental realm, and 5 to the both regions. | |
| 4 | The aphids of Aleurodaphis are typical Oriental species; but, slightly permeated in Palaearctic on Chinese continent. | |
| 5 | The high haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity were corresponding to very large population size and extensive distribution of Pelophylax nigromaculata in Palaearctic Region and Oriental Region. |