China Population Statistical Yearbook 2006 is an annual statistical publication, which covers very comprehensive data series on the population at national level and local levels of province, autonomous region, and municipalities directly under the central government as well as main population indicators of other country in the world.

The book contains the following seven parts, 1. Communiques on the national 1% population sample survey by region in 2005; 2. Figures of the 2005 national 1% population sample survey; 3. Figures of population statistics over the past years; 4. Figures of the household registration in 2005; 5. Figures of the family planning statistics in 2005; 6. Demographic data for some countries of the world; 7. Papers on population statistics; 8. Main documents of the national 1% population sample survey in 2005.