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Hainan Tourism Customs and Cultures

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Table of Contents
01 海南概览 1 
Introduction to Customs and Cultures in Hainan 
1.1 海南名称由来 1 
Origin of Hainan 
1.2 海南地理概况 1 
Geographic Features 
1.3 海南气候 2 
Climate 
1.4 自然资源 2 
Natural Resources 
1.5 宗教信仰 3 
Religions and Beliefs 
1.6 多元文化 4 
Diversified Cultures 
1.7 岁时节庆 4 
Festivals and Holidays 
1.8 特色餐饮 5 
Food and Beverage 
1.9 海南民俗文化旅游 6 
Festivals and Customs-enhanced Tourism 

02 海南人生礼仪民俗 7 
Rites in Hainan Province 
2.1 诞生礼 8 
Birth Rite 
2.2 成人礼 13 
Coming-of-age Ceremony 
2.3 社交礼 15 
Social Etiquette 
2.4 婚姻俗(黎族) 19 
Marriage Customs (the Li Ethnic Group) 
2.5 祝寿礼 24 
Longevity Celebration 
2.6 丧葬俗 25 
Funeral 

03 海南岁时节日民俗 28 
Seasonal and Festival Customs 
3.1 岁时节日民俗概说 28 
Introduction 
3.2 传统节日民俗 36 
Traditional Festivals and Customs 
3.3 农林渔猎等生产性节日民俗 55 
Customs and Production Holidays or Festivals for Farming, Fishing, Hunting, etc. 
3.4 民间信仰与祭祀类节日民俗 58 
Customs during Holidays or Festivals for Religions and Beliefs 
3.5 纪念追忆性节日民俗 65 
Customs during Holidays or Festivals in Memory of Historical Figures 
3.6 其他节日民俗 68 
Other Holidays and Customs 
3.7 海南岁时节日民俗旅游开发思考 76 
Implications on the Tourism Development of Holidays and Customs in Hainan 

04 海南建筑民俗 79 
Architecture in Hainan Province 
4.1 传统民居 79 
Traditional Folk House 
4.2 传统书院建筑 90 
The Traditional Architecture of Academy of Classical Learning 
4.3 传统牌坊建筑 92 
Traditional Memorial Archway Architecture 

05 海南饮食民俗 95 
Hainan Dietary Folk Customs 
5.1 海南多民族融合趋势下的多元饮食民俗 97 
Diversified Dietary Folk Customs 
5.2 黎族饮食民俗 101 
The Dietary Folk Customs of Li People 
5.3 南洋饮食民俗 110 
The Southeastern Asian Dietary Folk Customs 
5.4 其他少数民族饮食民俗 114 
The Dietary Folk Customs of Other Ethnic Groups 

06 海南服饰民俗 119 
Hainan Costumes and Ornaments 
6.1 黎族服饰 120 
Costumes and Ornaments of the Li People 
6.2 苗族服饰 129 
Costumes and Ornaments of the Miao People 
6.3 回族服饰 132 
Costumes and Ornaments of the Hui People 
6.4 疍家服饰 133 
Costumes and Ornaments of the Tankas 
6.5 海南“岛服” 135 
Hainan Island Shirts 
6.6 海南服饰民俗旅游开发思考 136 
Implications on the Tourism Development of Costumes and Ornaments in Hainan 

07 海南劳动生产民俗 139 
The Production Customs in Hainan 
7.1 农业民俗 139 
Agriculture Customs 
7.2 渔业民俗 146 
Fishery Customs 
7.3 狩猎民俗 151 
Hunting Customs 
7.4 采集业民俗 154 
Gathering Customs 
7.5 种植业民俗 155 
Planting Customs 
7.6 林业民俗 157 
Forestry Customs 
7.7 畜牧业民俗 160 
Animal Husbandry Customs 
7.8 手工业民俗 163 
Handicraft Customs 

08 海南信仰崇拜民俗 166 
Belief and Worship 
8.1 宗教 167 
Religions 
8.2 祖先崇拜 168 
Ancestor Worship 
8.3 自然崇拜 169 
Nature Worship 
8.4 图腾崇拜 175 
Totem Worship 
8.5 民间方术 178 
Folk Fang Shu 

09 海南海洋民俗 182 
Marine Customs in Hainan 
9.1 海洋人生礼仪 182 
Marine Customs in Life 
9.2 海洋建筑民俗 184 
Marine-styled Residence 
9.3 海洋饮食 186 
Marine-styled Food and Beverage 
9.4 海洋节庆 188 
Marine Festivals and Holidays 
9.5 海洋神灵崇拜 193 
Marine Worship 
9.6 海洋文学艺术 198 
Marine Folk Literature and Arts 

10 海南民间艺术民俗 203 
Hainan Folk Arts and Customs 
10.1 海南民间工艺美术 203 
Hainan Folk Arts and Crafts 
10.2 民间戏曲音乐 214 
Folk Operas and Music 
10.3 民间舞蹈 218 
Folk Dance 
10.4 民间乐器 224 
Folk Musical Instruments 
10.5 民间绘画 229 
Folk Painting 

11 海南竞技民俗 231 
Hainan Sports Customs 
11.1 海南黎族传统竞技项目 232 
Traditional Sports Activities of the Li People 
11.2 苗族传统竞技项目 237 
Traditional Sports Activities of the Miao People 
11.3 回族传统竞技项目 239 
Traditional Sports Activities of the Hui People 
11.4 汉族儿童竞技游戏 241 
Sports Activities for Children of the Han Nationality 
11.5 海南传统竞技项目民俗旅游开发思考 243 
Implication on the Tourism Development of Traditional Sports Activities in Hainan 

12 海南礼仪禁忌民俗 245 
Taboo Folk Customs 
12.1 海南人生礼仪禁忌 247 
Taboos and Rites 
12.2 海南岁时节日禁忌 249 
Taboos about Festivals 
12.3 海南衣食住行禁忌 252 
Taboos about Food, Clothing, Shelter and Traveling 
12.4 海南劳动生产禁忌 255 
Taboos about Production 
12.5 海南信仰崇拜禁忌 258 
Taboos about Worship 

参考文献 260 
Bibliography 
附录1 海南省级非物质文化遗产代表性名录 263 
Provincial Intangible Cultural Heritage in Hainan 
附录2 海南省国家级非物质文化遗产项目名录 266 
National Intangible Cultural Heritage in Hainan Province 
附录3 海南省主要民俗文化旅游景点景区 267 
Customs and Traditions Featured Resorts in Hainan Province 
附录4 海南民俗节庆简表 269 
Festivals and Holidays in Hainan Province 
附录5 海南特色乡村田园 272 
Idyllic Villages in Hainan Province 
附录6 中国历史纪年简表 274 
Timetable of Chinese History 
附录7 二十四节气 276 
The Twenty-Four Seasonal Division Points 
附录8 天干地支 277 
Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches 
Sample Pages Preview
蛋民的服饰与汉族基本相同,旧时以唐装为主,现在随时代变迁,蛋民的服饰别具风格。原生态的蛋家服饰的制作源于蓝天和海洋的图腾,以蓝色为基调。
The Tanka and the Han people's clothes were basically the same in ancient times.As the time goes by, the Tankas' garment has changed, but it has kept the original clothing on the totem of the blue sky and the sea.
无论春夏秋冬,头戴既可遮阳又可挡雨的竹笠。所戴竹笠很讲究,项上直径为10厘米、高8厘米,下半部为直径40厘米、高为4厘米的筒式竹笠、这种竹笠做工考究,纺织精细,外部要刷上一层金黄色的海棠油。这层油金光闪闪,既是竹笠的保护层,又增加了一分光彩。笠带则为蛋家姑娘的杰作,以红、橙、黄、白、紫、蓝、黑等胶丝配上闪闪发亮的贝类小珠编织成。带上这精工制作的竹笠和美丽的彩带,在骄阳下,使你感到更舒畅,显得更美丽。
During the whole year, they wear bamboo hats for keeping bothsunlight and the rain off,which are very exquisite.The bamboo hat is 10 cm wide,8 cm high, while lower part is 40 cm wide and 4 cm high.This hat looks exquisite in craftsmanship with alayer of golden color of Begonia oil on the external by part to keep from corrosion.The bamboo hat is regarded as the Tankas' masterpiece, weaved by red, orange, yellow, white, purple and yellow ribbons with glittering beads.Wearing the exquisite bamboo hat with colorful ribbons in the sunlight makes you feel comfortable and pleasing to eyes.
疍家妇女喜爱留长发,姑娘们把头发结成不容易散开的五绞辫,发梢上缀红绒,休闲时就让长辫摇晃垂及腰际。结了婚的妇女把长辫在头顶上盘成髻。作业时,习惯在头上包一块方格花纹的夹层方布,一角突出前额,一角垂于脑后,蛋家俗称猪嘴,方巾的左右两角交结于下颊。这种装束打扮利于海上作业和遮蔽风日,也便于步滩涉水和渔业劳作。当时到处有人穿蛋家服饰出海打鱼。在那个时候,穿蛋家服饰的人在蛋民中是极受人尊重的。
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Hainan Tourism Customs and Cultures
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